Nepenthes lowii is endemic to Borneo, found at elevations between 1,650 and 2,600 meters in the regions of Sabah, Sarawak, and Kalimantan. Initially, it has a creeping habit with slender pitchers up to 12 cm tall and 5 cm wide, and a lid functioning like an umbrella. Later, N. lowii adopts a climbing habit with stems reaching up to 13 m in length; the pitchers become hourglass-shaped up to 26 cm tall with a 16 cm wide opening and the lid curves backward, similar to that of N. ampullaria, leaving the pitcher’s mouth fully exposed. These pitchers are visited by the mountain treeshrew (Tupaia montana), which perches on the pitcher rim to lick nectar from the underside of the lid. While doing so, it deposits nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich droppings into the pitcher, thereby helping N. lowii meet part of its nutritional needs. In the picture on the left, it appears as a reward is about to fall into the pitcher. The reflexed lid and the wide opening with abundant nectar production are essential for this mutually beneficial relationship (mutualism) with the treeshrew to function. Two other Bornean species, N. rajah and N. macrophylla, are also visited by the treeshrew, though less frequently. It is likely that birds perching on the pitcher rim also contribute droppings.